Dermatology

Dermatology. 2002;204(4):287-9

Verrucae vulgares in children: successful simulated X-ray treatment (a suggestion-based therapy).

Meineke V, Reichrath J, Reinhold U, Tilgen W.

Department of Dermatology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany. Viktor.Meineke@t-online.de

BACKGROUND: Treatment of verrucae vulgares is sometimes difficult. Invasive methods should not be used for young children. OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of a special suggestion therapy for treatment of verrucae vulgares in children. METHODS: Nine children with warts on the hands and/or feet and in the face were treated with a simulated X-ray treatment. RESULTS: Five children showed a complete remission of warts, 3 children a partial remission. For 1 child, there was no response. On average, 3 treatment sessions were needed for children showing a complete remission. CONCLUSION: This therapy offers an easy-to-perform, alternative treatment option. It is noninvasive and does not depend on special psychological techniques for which training is required. Copyright 2002 S. Karger AG, Basel

Am J Clin Hypn. 1992 Jul;35(1):1-10.

Hypnotherapy for warts (verruca vulgaris): 41 consecutive cases with 33 cures.

Ewin DM.

Tulane Medical School, New Orleans, LA.

Published, controlled studies of the use of hypnosis to cure warts are confined to using direct suggestion in hypnosis (DSIH), with cure rates of 27% to 55%. Prepubertal children respond to DSIH almost without exception, but adults often do not. Clinically, many adults who fail to respond to DSIH will heal with individual hypnoanalytic techniques that cannot be tested against controls. By using hypnoanalysis on those who failed to respond to DSIH, 33 of 41 (80%) consecutive patients were cured, two were lost to follow-up, and six did not respond to treatment. Self-hypnosis was not used. Several illustrative cases are presented.

Psychosom Med. 1990 Jan-Feb;52(1):109-14.

Effects of hypnotic, placebo, and salicylic acid treatments on wart regression.

Spanos NP, Williams V, Gwynn MI.

Department of Psychology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada.

Subjects with warts on their hands and/or feet were randomly assigned to a hypnotic suggestion, topical salicylic acid, placebo, or no treatment control condition. Subjects in the three treated groups developed equivalent expectations of treatment success. Nevertheless, at the six-week follow-up interval only the hypnotic subjects had lost significantly more warts than the no treatment controls. Theoretical implications are discussed.

Arch Dermatol. 2000 Mar;136(3):393-9

Hypnosis in dermatology.

Shenefelt PD.

Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa 33612, USA. pshenefe@hsc.usf.edu

BACKGROUND: Hypnosis is an alternative or complementary therapy that has been used since ancient times to treat medical and dermatologic problems. OBJECTIVE: To describe the various uses for hypnosis as an alternative or complementary therapy in dermatologic practice. METHODS: A MEDLINE search was conducted from January 1966 through December 1998 on key words related to hypnosis and skin disorders. RESULTS: A wide spectrum of dermatologic disorders may be improved or cured using hypnosis as an alternative or complementary therapy, including acne excoriee, alopecia areata, atopic dermatitis, congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma, dyshidrotic dermatitis, erythromelalgia, furuncles, glossodynia, herpes simplex, hyperhidrosis, ichthyosis vulgaris, lichen planus, neurodermatitis, nummular dermatitis, postherpetic neuralgia, pruritus, psoriasis, rosacea, trichotillomania, urticaria, verruca vulgaris, and vitiligo. CONCLUSION: Appropriately trained clinicians may successfully use hypnosis in selected patients as alternative or complementary therapy for many dermatologic disorders.

Dermatol Clin. 2005 Oct;23(4):723-34.

Complementary psychocutaneous therapies in dermatology.

Shenefelt PD.

Division of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Boulevard, Tampa, FL 33612, USA. pshenefe@hsc.usf.edu

The skin and the nervous system develop side by side in the fetus and remain intimately interconnected and interactive throughout life. Because of the skin-nervous system interactions, there is a significant psychosomatic or behavioral component to many dermatologic conditions. This permits complementary nonpharmacologic psychotherapeutic interventions, such as acupuncture, aromatherapy, biofeedback, cognitive-behavioral therapy, hypnosis, placebo, and suggestion, to have positive impacts on many dermatologic diseases. Complementary pharmacologic psychotherapeutic interventions, such as herbs and supplements, also may help improve some dermatologic disorders.

Dermatol Ther. 2003;16(2):114-22.

Biofeedback, cognitive-behavioral methods, and hypnosis in dermatology: is it all in your mind?

Shenefelt PD.

Division of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA. pshenefe@hsc.usf.edu

Biofeedback can improve cutaneous problems that have an autonomic nervous system component. Examples include biofeedback of galvanic skin resistance (GSR) for hyperhidrosis and biofeedback of skin temperature for Raynaud's disease. Hypnosis may enhance the effects obtained by biofeedback. Cognitive-behavioral methods may resolve dysfunctional thought patterns (cognitive) or actions (behavioral) that damage the skin or interfere with dermatologic therapy. Responsive diseases include acne excoriee, atopic dermatitis, factitious cheilitis, hyperhidrosis, lichen simplex chronicus, needle phobia, neurodermatitis, onychotillomania, prurigo nodularis, trichotillomania, and urticaria. Hypnosis can facilitate aversive therapy and enhance desensitization and other cognitive-behavioral methods. Hypnosis may improve or resolve numerous dermatoses. Examples include acne excoriee, alopecia areata, atopic dermatitis, congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma, dyshidrotic dermatitis, erythromelalgia, furuncles, glossodynia, herpes simplex, hyperhidrosis, ichthyosis vulgaris, lichen planus, neurodermatitis, nummular dermatitis, postherpetic neuralgia, pruritus, psoriasis, rosacea, trichotillomania, urticaria, verruca vulgaris, and vitiligo. Hypnosis can also reduce the anxiety and pain associated with dermatologic procedures.